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Shane Crotty

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Shane Crotty
Born
Shane Patrick Crotty

(1974-01-26)January 26, 1974
Education
Scientific career
Fields
InstitutionsLa Jolla Institute for Immunology
ThesisPolio Is (Still) Not Dead: Vaccine Vectors, Antiviral Drugs, Pathogenesis, and Unexpected Mutants (2001)
Doctoral advisorRaul Andino
Websitewww.lji.org/labs/crotty/

Shane Patrick Crotty (born 26 January 1974) is a professor of immunology in the Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research at the La Jolla Institute for Immunology.[1]

Education and academic posts

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Crotty completed B.S. degrees in Biology and Writing from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1996.[1] He then completed his Ph.D. in 2001 at the University of California, San Francisco with Raul Andino.[2][1]

Crotty went on to a postdoctoral fellowship from 2001 to 2003 with Rafi Ahmed at Emory University Vaccine Center studying immunity to viruses.[1] He joined the La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI) in 2003, as well as the department of medicine of University of California, San Diego, in 2004 as an adjunct assistant professor. He became an associate member with tenure at LJI in 2009,[3] and then a tenured professor.

Research

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Crotty's research has focused on immune responses to viral infections, in particular those driven by vaccines. His lab has done major work on the regulation and proliferation of follicular helper T cells, as well as immunological protection from HIV infection and HIV vaccine delivery strategy.[4][5] In close collaboration with Alessandro Sette, Crotty published the first detailed analysis[6] of the human immune response to SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, and later confirmed[7] that the adaptive immune response is lasting.

In 2020, Crotty joined the LJI Coronavirus Taskforce to study immune system responses with an aim of informing vaccines and therapies against the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. His lab studies the adaptive immune response against SARS-CoV-2.[8] In May 2020, his lab co-published the first detailed analysis of how the immune system responds to SARS-CoV-2, with LJI Professor Alessandro Sette.[9][10] This research suggested that the human body may be capable of long-term immunity to SARS-CoV-2 following infection or vaccine administration.[11] Crotty has since published research showing that "uncoordinated" immune cell responses are related to COVID-19 case severity.[10] His lab has also collaborated with Sette to show that T cells that react to common cold coronaviruses can also recognize SARS-CoV-2.[12] Crotty has warned that this T-cell immunity does not equal protection against the virus.[13]

Major publications

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  • Choi YS, Kageyama R, Eto D, Escobar TC, Johnston RJ, Monticelli L, Lao C, Crotty S (2011). "ICOS Receptor Instructs T Follicular Helper Cell versus Effector Cell Differentiation via Induction of the Transcriptional Repressor Bcl6". Immunity. 34 (6): 932–946. doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2011.03.023. PMC 3124577. PMID 21636296.
  • Johnston RJ, Poholek AC, Ditoro D, Yusuf I, Eto D, Barnett B, Dent AL, Craft J, Crotty S (2009). "Bcl6 and Blimp-1 Are Reciprocal and Antagonistic Regulators of T Follicular Helper Cell Differentiation". Science. 325 (5943): 1006–1010. Bibcode:2009Sci...325.1006J. doi:10.1126/science.1175870. PMC 2766560. PMID 19608860.
  • Crotty S, Felgner P, Davies H, Glidewell J, Villarreal L, Ahmed R (2003). "Cutting Edge: Long-Term B Cell Memory in Humans after Smallpox Vaccination". The Journal of Immunology. 171 (10): 4969–4973. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.171.10.4969. PMID 14607890. S2CID 32215286.
  • Crotty S, Cameron CE, Andino R (2001). "RNA virus error catastrophe: Direct molecular test by using ribavirin". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 98 (12): 6895–6900. Bibcode:2001PNAS...98.6895C. doi:10.1073/pnas.111085598. PMC 34449. PMID 11371613.
  • Crotty S, Maag D, Arnold JJ, Zhong W, Lau JY, Hong Z, Andino R, Cameron CE (2000). "The broad-spectrum antiviral ribonucleoside ribavirin is an RNA virus mutagen". Nature Medicine. 6 (12): 1375–1379. doi:10.1038/82191. PMID 11100123. S2CID 52870674.

Other publications

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Crotty is also the author of a biography of David Baltimore entitled Ahead of the Curve.[14][15] He is the co-editor with Rafi Ahmed of Immune Memory and Vaccines: Great Debates.[16]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d "Crotty Lab - Lab Members". La Jolla Institute for Immunology. La Jolla Institute. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
  2. ^ "Shane Crotty". Scripps Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
  3. ^ Crotty, Shane. "Biographical Sketch" (PDF).
  4. ^ "Crotty Lab". La Jolla Institute for Immunology.
  5. ^ "New HIV vaccine strategy 'pumps' the immune system". Science Daily. May 9, 2019.
  6. ^ Grifoni, Alba; Weiskopf, Daniela; Ramirez, Sydney I.; Mateus, Jose; Dan, Jennifer M.; Moderbacher, Carolyn Rydyznski; Rawlings, Stephen A.; Sutherland, Aaron; Premkumar, Lakshmanane; Jadi, Ramesh S.; Marrama, Daniel (June 2020). "Targets of T Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus in Humans with COVID-19 Disease and Unexposed Individuals". Cell. 181 (7): 1489–1501.e15. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.015. ISSN 0092-8674. PMC 7237901. PMID 32473127.
  7. ^ Dan, Jennifer M.; Mateus, Jose; Kato, Yu; Hastie, Kathryn M.; Yu, Esther Dawen; Faliti, Caterina E.; Grifoni, Alba; Ramirez, Sydney I.; Haupt, Sonya; Frazier, April; Nakao, Catherine (2021-01-06). "Immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 assessed for up to 8 months after infection". Science. 371 (6529): eabf4063. doi:10.1126/science.abf4063. ISSN 0036-8075. PMC 7919858. PMID 33408181.
  8. ^ "Crotty Lab". La Jolla Institute for Immunology. Retrieved 2021-04-23.
  9. ^ "First detailed analysis of immune response to SARS-CoV-2 bodes well for COVID-19 vaccine development". La Jolla Institute for Immunology. Retrieved 2021-04-23.
  10. ^ a b Grifoni, Alba; Weiskopf, Daniela; Ramirez, Sydney I.; Mateus, Jose; Dan, Jennifer M.; Moderbacher, Carolyn Rydyznski; Rawlings, Stephen A.; Sutherland, Aaron; Premkumar, Lakshmanane; Jadi, Ramesh S.; Marrama, Daniel (2020-06-25). "Targets of T Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus in Humans with COVID-19 Disease and Unexposed Individuals". Cell. 181 (7): 1489–1501.e15. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.015. ISSN 0092-8674. PMC 7237901. PMID 32473127.
  11. ^ Leslie, Mitch (2020-05-14). "T cells found in COVID-19 patients 'bode well' for long-term immunity". Science | AAAS. Retrieved 2021-04-23.
  12. ^ Mateus, Jose; Grifoni, Alba; Tarke, Alison; Sidney, John; Ramirez, Sydney I.; Dan, Jennifer M.; Burger, Zoe C.; Rawlings, Stephen A.; Smith, Davey M.; Phillips, Elizabeth; Mallal, Simon (2020-10-02). "Selective and cross-reactive SARS-CoV-2 T cell epitopes in unexposed humans". Science. 370 (6512): 89–94. Bibcode:2020Sci...370...89M. doi:10.1126/science.abd3871. ISSN 0036-8075. PMC 7574914. PMID 32753554.
  13. ^ Sette, Alessandro; Crotty, Shane (August 2020). "Pre-existing immunity to SARS-CoV-2: the knowns and unknowns". Nature Reviews Immunology. 20 (8): 457–458. doi:10.1038/s41577-020-0389-z. ISSN 1474-1741. PMC 7339790. PMID 32636479.
  14. ^ Didier Trono (July 2001). "Ahead of the Curve: David Baltimore's Life in Science". Nature Medicine. 7 (7): 767. doi:10.1038/89868. S2CID 41609105.
  15. ^ Barbara J. Culliton (2003). "Ahead of the Curve: David Baltimore's Life in Science (review)". Bulletin of the History of Medicine. 77 (2): 474–475. doi:10.1353/bhm.2003.0056. S2CID 71233143.
  16. ^ Shane Crotty; Ahmed, Rafi, eds. (2018). Immune Memory and Vaccines: Great Debates. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. ISBN 978-1-62182-154-0.
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